Reading your result
- ASCUS — slightly unusual cells, most often nothing; usually rechecked with HPV testing
- LSIL — mild changes, frequently caused by an HPV infection your body clears on its own
- HSIL — moderate to severe changes that need colposcopy, not panic
- HPV-positive with a normal Pap — monitored more closely, often repeated in 12 months
- Unsatisfactory — not enough cells collected; simply needs a repeat Pap
Why Pap results come back abnormal
Cervical cells change for many reasons: a recent HPV infection, inflammation, a yeast or bacterial infection, recent intercourse, or even sampling during bleeding. Most abnormal Paps trace back to HPV, and many HPV infections clear without treatment over time.
What matters is not the single result — it's the trend. That's why follow-up intervals exist, and why the worst thing you can do with an abnormal Pap is ignore the recheck date.
What follow-up looks like
Depending on your age and result, follow-up is usually a repeat Pap with HPV co-testing in 6 to 12 months, or a referral for colposcopy — an in-office look at the cervix with a magnifying scope, sometimes with a small biopsy.
We can perform the repeat Pap and any related labs here, and we coordinate the gynecology referral when colposcopy is warranted so you aren't left to arrange it alone. Related bloodwork like anemia panels for heavy bleeding is drawn at our on-site labs at both Fresno locations during the same visit.
Symptoms that change the plan
Bleeding after intercourse, bleeding between periods, or any bleeding after menopause should be evaluated promptly regardless of what your last Pap said. These are not typical HPV symptoms and deserve their own workup.
Repeat Paps and colposcopy coordination are part of our women’s health services in Fresno; if bleeding is the bigger issue, start with our irregular periods guide.
Come to urgent care for:
- Bleeding after intercourse or between periods
- Any bleeding after menopause
- You're overdue for a repeat Pap after an abnormal result
- Pelvic pain or unusual discharge alongside the abnormal result
Go to the ER (or call 911) for:
- Vaginal bleeding soaking through a pad an hour
- Fainting, lightheadedness, or a racing heart with bleeding
- Severe pelvic pain with fever above 101°F
Frequently asked
Does an abnormal Pap mean I have cancer?
Rarely. Most abnormal results reflect HPV-related cell changes that resolve on their own or are treated long before they progress.
Can I get a repeat Pap here?
Yes. Renee performs Pap smears and well-woman exams at both Fresno locations, and we'll track your recheck interval so it doesn't get lost.
Should I tell my partner about an HPV-positive result?
HPV is extremely common and most sexually active adults are exposed at some point. There's no partner treatment, but it's a good prompt for both of you to be current on screening and the HPV vaccine if eligible.
Does an abnormal Pap affect fertility?
The result itself doesn't. Some treatments for high-grade changes can slightly affect the cervix, which is worth discussing before any procedure if you're planning a pregnancy.
How soon should I be rechecked?
Follow the interval on your result letter — typically 6 or 12 months for low-grade findings. If you're unsure, bring the letter in and we'll read it with you.